Hydraulic cylinder kukanganisa kuongororwa uye kugadzirisa matambudziko

Hydraulic cylinder kukanganisa kuongororwa uye kugadzirisa matambudziko

Iyo yakazara hydraulic system inoumbwa nechikamu chesimba, chikamu chekutonga, chikamu chekutonga uye chikamu chekubatsira, pakati peiyo hydraulic cylinder sechikamu chekutonga ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvehutongi mu hydraulic system, inoshandura iyo hydraulic pressure kubuda. neiyo simba element mafuta pombi kupinda mumagetsi simba kuita chiito,
Chinhu chakakosha simba rekushandura mudziyo. Kuitika kwekukundikana kwayo panguva yekushandiswa kunowanzoenderana neyose hydraulic system, uye kune mamwe mitemo inowanikwa. Chero bedzi maitiro ayo ekugadzirisa ari nyanzvi, kugadzirisa dambudziko hakuna kuoma.

Kana iwe uchida kubvisa kukanganisa kwe hydraulic cylinder panguva yakakodzera, yakarurama uye inobudirira, unofanira kutanga wanzwisisa kuti kukundikana kwakaitika sei. Kazhinji chikonzero chikuru che hydraulic cylinder kukundikana kushanda kusina kunaka uye kushandiswa, kugadzirisa nguva dzose hakugoni kuenderera mberi, kufunga kusina kukwana mukugadzirwa kweiyo hydraulic system, uye kusanzwisisika kuisa maitiro.

Iko kukundikana kunowanzoitika panguva yekushandiswa kwema hydraulic cylinders inonyanya kuratidzwa mukufamba kusina kufanira kana kusina kururama, kubuda kwemafuta uye kukanganisa.
1. Hydraulic cylinder execution lag
1.1 Iyo chaiyo yekushanda kumanikidza kupinda muhydraulic cylinder haina kukwana kuita kuti hydraulic cylinder itadze kuita chimwe chiitiko.

1. Pasi pekushanda kwemaitiro e hydraulic system, apo mafuta anoshanda anopinda mu hydraulic cylinder, piston haisati yafamba. Iyo yekumanikidza geji yakabatana neoiri inlet ye hydraulic cylinder, uye iyo yekumanikidza pointer haizungunuke, saka pombi yekupinza mafuta inogona kubviswa zvakananga. vhura,
Rega iyo hydraulic pombi ienderere mberi nekupa oiri kune sisitimu, uye tarisa kana paine mafuta ari kushanda ari kuyerera achibuda mupombi yekupinza mafuta yehydraulic cylinder. Kana pasina mafuta anoyerera kunze kwemukati wemafuta, zvinogona kutongwa kuti hydraulic cylinder pachayo yakanaka. Panguva ino, mamwe ma hydraulic components anofanirwa kutsvagwa zvichibva zvaenderana ne general principle ye kutonga hydraulic system kutadza.

2. Kunyange zvazvo pane kushanda kwemvura inoshandiswa muhumburumbira, hapana kumanikidzwa muhumburumbira. Inofanira kugumiswa kuti chiitiko ichi hachisi dambudziko ne hydraulic circuit, asi inokonzerwa nekuputika kwemukati kwemafuta mu hydraulic cylinder. Iwe unogona kupatsanura chiteshi chemafuta chekudzoka kweiyo hydraulic cylinder uye tarisa kana paine mvura inoshanda inoyerera ichidzokera mutangi remafuta.

Kazhinji, chikonzero chekuputika kwemukati kwakanyanya ndechekuti mukaha uripo pakati pepiston nepiston tsvimbo padyo nechisimbiso chechiso chekupedzisira wakakura zvakanyanya nekuda kwetambo yakasununguka kana kusunungura kiyi yekubatanidza; chiitiko chechipiri ndechekuti radial I-O-ring seal yakakuvadzwa uye inokundikana kushanda; nyaya yechitatu inoti,
Mhete yekuisa chisimbiso inosvinwa uye kukuvadzwa kana ichinge yaunganidzwa papiston, kana mhete yekuisa chisimbiso ichichembera nekuda kwenguva refu yebasa, zvichikonzera kukundikana kwekuvhara.

3. Iko chaiyo yekushanda kwekushanda kwe hydraulic cylinder haisviki kune yakataurwa yekumanikidza kukosha. Chikonzero chinogona kupedzwa sekukundikana pane hydraulic circuit. Mavharuvhu ane chekuita nekumanikidza mu hydraulic circuit anosanganisira vharafu yekuyamura, pressure yekudzikisa valve uye sequence valve. Kutanga tarisa kana vheji yekuyamura inosvika pakumanikidzwa kwayo, uye wozotarisa kana iyo chaiyo yekushanda kwekushanda kwevhavha yekuderedza kudzvinyirira uye kutevedzana kwevhavha inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekushanda kwedunhu. .

Iyo chaiyo yekumanikidza maitiro eaya matatu ekumanikidza ekudzora mavharuvhu anozokanganisa zvakananga kushanda kwe hydraulic cylinder, zvichiita kuti hydraulic cylinder irege kushanda nekuda kwekusakwana kudzvinyirira.

1.2 Iyo chaiyo yekushanda yekumanikidza yehydraulic cylinder inosangana nezvinodiwa, asi iyo hydraulic cylinder haisati yashanda.

Uku kutsvaga dambudziko kubva pakuumbwa kwehydraulic cylinder. Semuenzaniso, apo piston inofamba ichienda kunzvimbo yekugumira pamativi ese ari maviri mucylinder uye mavharoti ekupedzisira pamigumo yese yehydraulic cylinder, piston inovhara iyo inopinza mafuta uye yekubuda, kuitira kuti mafuta asapinde mukamuri yekushanda yehydraulic. silinda uye piston haigoni kufamba; Hydraulic cylinder piston yakapiswa.

Panguva ino, kunyangwe kudzvanywa kuri muhumburumbira kunosvika kune yakataurwa kumanikidza kukosha, piston iri muhumburumbira haichagone kufamba. Iyo hydraulic cylinder inodhonza cylinder uye piston haigone kufamba nekuti kufambidzana pakati pepiston necylinder kunogadzira makwara pamadziro emukati me cylinder kana hydraulic cylinder inopfekwa neunidirectional simba nekuda kweiyo isiriyo yekushanda chinzvimbo che hydraulic cylinder.

Kupokana kunopesana pakati pezvikamu zvinofamba zvakakura zvakanyanya, kunyanya mhete yekuvhara V-yakaita, iyo yakavharwa nekumanikidza. Kana yakadzvanywa zvakanyanya, iyo frictional resistance ichave yakakura kwazvo, izvo zvinozokanganisa kubuda uye kumhanya kweiyo hydraulic cylinder. Mukuwedzera, teerera kuti kana kudzvinyirirwa kwemashure kuripo uye yakakura zvikuru.

1.3 Iyo chaiyo yekufamba kumhanya kweiyo hydraulic cylinder piston haisviki dhizaini yakapihwa kukosha

Kuwedzeredza kwemukati kuvuza ndicho chikonzero chikuru nei kukurumidza kusaita zvinodiwa; apo kukurumidza kwekufambisa kwe hydraulic cylinder kunoderera panguva yekufamba, piston kufamba kwepiston kunowedzera nekuda kwehurombo hwekugadzirisa hutano hwemukati wemadziro e hydraulic cylinder.

Kana iyo hydraulic cylinder ichimhanya, kudzvanywa kuri padunhu ndiyo hwerengedzo yekutsikirira kudonha kunogadzirwa neoiri inlet mutsara, kudzvanywa kwemutoro, uye kudonhedza kwekumanikidza kudonha kwemutsara wekudzoka kwemafuta. Paunenge uchigadzira dunhu, kudonhedza kudonhedza kwepimbi yekupinza uye kudonhedza kudonhedzwa kwepombi yekudzosera mafuta kunofanirwa kudzikiswa zvakanyanya sezvinobvira. Kana iyo dhizaini isinganzwisisike, aya maitiro maviri akakura zvakanyanya, kunyangwe kana kuyerera kwevhavhavha: yakavhurika zvizere,
Ichaitawo kuti mafuta ekudzvinyirira adzoke zvakananga kune tangi yemafuta kubva pavhavha yekuyamura, kuitira kuti kukurumidza kusakwanisa kuzadzisa zvinodiwa. Iyo yakatetepa pombi, iyo inowedzera kubhenda, iyo yakakura kudonha kwekumanikidza kwepombi kuramba.

Mukukurumidza kutenderera kwedunhu uchishandisa accumulator, kana kukurumidza kwekufamba kwecylinder kusingasviki zvinodiwa, tarisa kana kumanikidza kweiyo accumulator kwakakwana. Kana iyo hydraulic pombi inosveta mweya mukati meoiri inopinza panguva yebasa, ichaita kuti kufamba kwecylinder kusagadzikane uye kukonzeresa kuderera. Panguva ino, iyo hydraulic pombi ine ruzha, saka zviri nyore kutonga.

1.4 Kukambaira kunoitika panguva ye hydraulic cylinder movement

Iyo inokambaira chiitiko ndeye kusvetuka inofamba mamiriro ehydraulic cylinder kana inofamba nekumira. Rudzi urwu rwekutadza runowanzoitika mu hydraulic system. Iko coaxiality pakati pepiston nepiston tsvimbo necylinder body haizadzise zvinodiwa, piston tsvimbo yakakombama, piston tsvimbo yareba uye kusimba kwacho hakuna kunaka, uye mukaha pakati pezvikamu zvinofamba mucylinder muviri wakakurisa. .
Kutamiswa kwenzvimbo yekuisa ye hydraulic cylinder kuchakonzera kukambaira; mhete yekuisa chisimbiso pamagumo evhavha ye hydraulic cylinder yakanyanyisa kana kuti yakasununguka, uye hydraulic cylinder inokunda kupikisa kunokonzerwa nekuputika kwechisimbiso chekuvhara panguva yekufamba, izvo zvichaitawo kukambaira.

Chimwe chikonzero chikuru chechiitiko chekukambaira igasi rakasanganiswa muhumburumbira. Inoshanda seanounganidza pasi pechiito chemafuta. Kana iyo mafuta inopihwa ikasasangana nezvinodiwa, humburumbira inomirira kudzvanywa kuti isimuke panzvimbo yekumira uye ionekwe inopindirana pulse inokambaira kufamba; kana mhepo yakamanikidzwa kune imwe muganhu Kana simba raburitswa,
Kusundidzira piston kunoburitsa kukurumidza kukurumidza, zvichikonzera kukurumidza uye kunonoka kukambaira kufamba. Izvi zviviri zvinokambaira zviitiko hazvina kunaka zvakanyanya kune simba rehumburumbira uye kufamba kwemutoro. Nokudaro, mhepo iri muhumburumbira inofanira kunge yapera simba risati rashanda hydraulic cylinder, saka kana uchigadzira hydraulic cylinder, chigadziro chekupedza chinofanira kusara.
Panguva imwecheteyo, chiteshi chekuburitsa chinofanirwa kugadzirwa panzvimbo yepamusoro yecylinder yemafuta kana chikamu chekuunganidza gasi zvakanyanya sezvinobvira.

Pamapombi e hydraulic, rutivi rwekusveta mafuta rwuri pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakashata. Kuti uderedze kuramba kwepombi, mapaipi emafuta makuru-diameter anowanzoshandiswa. Panguva ino, kunyanya kukoshesa kunofanira kubhadharwa kuhutano hwekuvhara majoini. Kana chisimbiso chisina kunaka, mweya unoyamwa mukati mepombi, izvo zvinozokonzera hydraulic cylinder kukambaira.

1.5 Pane ruzha rusina kujairika panguva yekushanda kwehydraulic cylinder

Ruzha rusina kujairika runogadzirwa nehydraulic cylinder rinonyanya kukonzerwa nekukweshana pakati penzvimbo yepiston necylinder. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti iyo firimu remafuta pakati penzvimbo dzekusangana rinoparadzwa kana kudzvanywa kwekumanikidza kwakakwira zvakanyanya, izvo zvinoburitsa ruzha rwunotsvedza kana uchitsvedza hukama kune mumwe nemumwe. Panguva ino, motokari inofanira kumira pakarepo kuti ione chikonzero, kana zvisina kudaro, nzvimbo inotsvedza inodhonzwa uye inopiswa kusvika yafa.

Kana iri ruzha rwekukwenya kubva pachisimbiso, rwunokonzerwa nekushaikwa kwemafuta ekuzora panzvimbo inotsvedza uye nekudzvinyirira kwakanyanya kwechisimbiso mhete. Kunyangwe mhete yekuisa chisimbiso nemuromo ine mhedzisiro yekukwenya kwemafuta uye kuvhara, kana kudzvanywa kwemafuta ekutsvaira kwakanyanya, firimu remafuta anozora richaparadzwa, uye ruzha rusina kujairika ruchagadzirwawo. Muchiitiko ichi, iwe unogona kurerutsa miromo nejecha kuti miromo iite mutete uye munyoro.

2. Kudonha kwe hydraulic cylinder

Kudonha kwema hydraulic cylinders kunowanzo kukamurwa kuita marudzi maviri: kudonha kwemukati uye kubuda kwekunze. Kudonha kwemukati kunonyanya kukanganisa hunyanzvi hwekuita kweiyo hydraulic cylinder, ichiita kuti ive shoma pane yakagadzirirwa kushanda kumanikidza, kumhanya kwekufamba uye kugadzikana kwekushanda; kubuda kwekunze hakungosvibisi nharaunda chete, asiwo kunokonzera moto nyore, uye kunokonzera kurasikirwa kukuru kwehupfumi. Leakage inokonzerwa nekusaita chisimbiso chisina kunaka.

2.1 Kudonha kwezvikamu zvakagadziriswa

2.1.1 Chisimbiso chinokuvadzwa mushure mekuiswa

Kana iyo parameter yakadai seyepasi dhayamita, hupamhi uye kudzvinyirira kwechisimbiso groove zvisina kusarudzwa zvakanaka, chisimbiso chichakuvadzwa. Chisimbiso chakamonyoroka mugororo, chisimbiso groove chine maburrs, kupenya uye chamfers zvisingaite zvinodiwa, uye mhete yechisimbiso inokuvadzwa nekutsikirira chishandiso chakapinza senge screwdriver panguva yegungano, izvo zvinokonzeresa kuvuza.

2.1.2 Chisimbiso chakakuvadzwa nekuda kweextrusion

Iyo gap inofananidzwa yenzvimbo yekuvhara yakakura zvakanyanya. Kana chisimbiso chine kuomarara kwakaderera uye pasina chisimbiso chekuchengetedza mhete chakaiswa, chinosvinwa kunze kwechisimbiso groove uye chakakuvadzwa pasi pechiito chekumanikidza kwakanyanya uye simba rekuita: kana kuomarara kwecylinder isiri yakakura, ipapo chisimbiso chichava. kukuvadzwa. Iyo mhete inoburitsa imwe elastic deformation pasi pechiito chekukurumidza kukanganisa simba. Sezvo iyo deformation kumhanya kwemhete yekuisa chisimbiso ichinonoka kupfuura iyo silinda,
Panguva ino, mhete yekuisa chisimbiso inosvinwa mugomba uye inorasikirwa nekuisa chisimbiso. Kana kudzvanywa kwakamira, deformation yecylinder inopora nekukurumidza, asi kukurumidza kudzoreredza kwechisimbiso kunononoka, saka chisimbiso chinorumwa mugomba zvakare. Iyo inodzokororwa chiitiko chechiitiko ichi haingokonzereri kukuvara kwemisodzi kuchisimbiso, asi zvakare inokonzeresa kuvuza kwakakomba.

2.1.3 Kubuda kwemvura kunokonzerwa nekukasika kupera kwezvisimbiso uye kurasikirwa kwechisimbiso

Kupisa kwekupisa kwezvisimbiso zverubha kwakashata. Panguva yekufambisa kwepamusoro-soro, iyo firimu yemafuta ekuzora inokuvadza nyore nyore, iyo inowedzera kutonhora uye kupikisa kusagadzikana, uye inokurumidza kupera kwezvisimbiso; apo chisimbiso groove yakakura uye roughness ye groove pasi yakanyanyisa, Kuchinja, chisimbiso chinofamba chichienda mberi uye mberi, uye kupfeka kunowedzera. Mukuwedzera, kusarudzwa kusina kunaka kwezvinhu, nguva yakareba yekuchengetedza inokonzera kukwegura kutsemuka,
ndidzo dzinokonzeresa kubuda.

2.1.4 Kudonha kwemvura nekuda kwekushaikwa kwewelding

Kune welded hydraulic cylinders, welding makatsemuka ndeimwe yezvikonzero zvekudonha. Kutsemuka kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekusaita welding process. Kana iyo electrode zvinhu zvakasarudzwa zvisina kunaka, iyo electrode yakanyorova, iyo ine yakakwira kabhoni yemukati haina kupiswa zvakanaka isati yatungidzirwa, kuchengetedza kupisa hakuna kutariswa mushure mekuputika, uye kutonhora kunokurumidza, izvo zvese zvinokonzeresa. stress inotsemuka.

Slag inclusions, porosity uye manyepo welding panguva yewelding zvinogona kukonzera kubuda kwekunze. Layered welding inogamuchirwa kana weld seam yakakura. Kana iyo welding slag yega yega isina kubviswa zvachose, iyo welding slag ichagadzira slag inclusions pakati pezvikamu zviviri. Nokudaro, mukuputika kwega rega rega, weld seam inofanira kuchengetwa yakachena, haigoni kusvibiswa nemafuta nemvura; iyo preheating yewelding chikamu haina kukwana, iyo welding ikozvino haina kukura zvakakwana,
Ndicho chikonzero chikuru chenhema welding phenomenon yekusasimba welding uye isina kukwana welding.

2.2 Unilateral kupfeka kwechisimbiso

Kupfeka kweunilateral kwechisimbiso kunonyanya kutaridzika kune horizontally yakaiswa hydraulic cylinders. Zvikonzero zvekupfeka unilateral ndezvi: kutanga, iyo yakanyanyisa kukwana gapu pakati pezvikamu zvinofamba kana kuti unilateral kupfeka, zvichikonzera kusaenzana kwekumanikidza kubvumidzwa kwemhete yekuisa chisimbiso; chechipiri, kana tsvimbo mhenyu yawedzerwa zvizere, nguva yekukotama inogadzirwa nekuda kwehuremu hwayo, zvichiita kuti piston iite Tilting inoitika mucylinder.

Tichifunga nezvemamiriro ezvinhu aya, mhete yepiston inogona kushandiswa sechisimbiso chepiston kudzivirira kubuda kwakanyanyisa, asi pfungwa dzinotevera dzinofanira kucherechedzwa: kutanga, kunyatsoongorora kurongeka kwedimensional, roughness uye geometric shape yakarurama yegomba remukati re cylinder; chechipiri, piston Iyo gap ine cylinder wall idiki pane mamwe ekuisa chisimbiso mafomu, uye hupamhi hwepiston yakakura. Chechitatu, piston ring groove haifaniri kunge yakafara zvakanyanya.
Kana zvisina kudaro, nzvimbo yaro ichave isina kugadzikana, uye kucheneswa kweparutivi kuchawedzera kubuda; chechina, nhamba yezvindori zvepiston inofanira kuva yakakodzera, uye chisimbiso chekuvhara hachizove chikuru kana chiri chiduku.

Muchidimbu, pane zvimwe zvikonzero zvekukundikana kwe hydraulic cylinder panguva yekushandiswa, uye nzira dzekugadzirisa dambudziko mushure mekukundikana hadzina kufanana. Ingave iri hydraulic cylinder kana zvimwe zvikamu zve hydraulic system, chete mushure mekunge nhamba huru yezvishandiso zvekushandisa zvinogona kukanganisa kukanganisa. Kutonga uye kugadzirisa nekukurumidza.